Indian cinema ko 100 saal pure hue 3rd May 2013 ko. Jab pehli feature film Raja Harishchandra release hui 1913 mein, toh shayad hi kissi ne tab socha tha ki ek din Bharat vishwa ka sab se bada film producing desh banega. Pehli film banana wale film producer Dadasaheb Phalke ne shayad hi socha hoga ki woh ek multi billion dollar industry ki shuruwat kar rahe hain. In fact, un dino film mein kaam karne walon ko achchi nazaron se nahin dekha jata tha. And today, nobody can get enough of our leading actors and actresses.
Bharat ke vibhin cultures led to films being produced in different languages, and each is today given a separate name, log inhe mane ya na mane. Hindi film industry ko Bollywood kaha jata hai, which is a play on the term Hollywood. Yeh hi nahin, balki Tamil cinema ko Kollywood, aur Telugu cinema ko Tollywood bhi kaha jata hai.
Shuruwat mein silent films banaye jate the jo black and white the. Phir films mein sound incorporate hua. Aur phir color. Aaj toh hum 3D films bhi dekhte hai. Dadasaheb Phalke ko dekh kar kafi film producers silent films banana lage, aur Madras iss industry ka centre bana. Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu, SS Vasan, aur AV Meiyappan ne Madras mein production houses shuru kiye Telugu aur Tamil films banane ke liye.
1931 mein pehli talkie film, meaning films with sound, banayi gayi. Film ko produce kiya Ardeshir Irani ne aur film ka naam tha Alam Ara. Obviously, silent era main actoron ko sirf achca dikna zaroori tha, lekin with the advent of sound, ek commanding voice and dialogue delivery bhi zaroori requirements hogaye.
Jab 40s ka era aaya, toh filmein bold avatar lene lagi. Filmmakers like V.Shantaram, Bimal Roy, Raj Kapoor and Mehboob Khan stood out with their enticing films. Ashok Kumar starrer Kismet superhit film hui. Religion too became a major theme in Indian films in various languages. Aur music ka toh kya kehna. S.D. Burman, Shankar Jaikishan, Madan Mohan, O.P. Nayyar, Salil Chaudhury, Naushad, C. Ramchandra -- in sabhi ustaadon ne aisi melodious songs banaye ki aaj bhi log inhe gungunate rehte hai. Dilip Kumar jaise kalakar toh six decades tak screen par chaye rahe doing over 60 films in his career.
50s aur 60s Indian cinema ke golden years the. Films such as Do Bheega Zameen, Pather Panchali, Madhumati, Awaara, Shree 420, Mother India, Pyasa, Mughal E Azam aur Mayabazar were hits and set the trend for generation to come. Dilip Kumar, South mein bhi N.T. Rama Rao, Sivaji Ganesan, M. G. Ramachandran, Prem Nazir aur Rajkumar ne industry par jum ke kabza kiya tha. Aur in sab ne 30 saale tak industry ko dominate kiya. Uske baad hi nayi generation ne apna kamaal dikhaya. Actors like Kamal Haasan, Rajinikanth, Mohanlal, Mammootty, Chiranjeevi aur Balakrishna became legends in their own right.
70s ko kaun bhool sakta hai. Economy aur social changes ne filmo ke rukh bhi badal dale. Masala film banne lage. Angry young man Amitabh Bachchan ne Sholay, Deewar aur Zanjeer jaise film deliver kiye. Dharmendra, Dev Anand, Rajesh Khanna, Jitendra jaise actoron ne filmi duniya mein apna kamaal dikhaya.
And over the years, actresses also cast their spell on different generations. Vyjayanti Mala, Nargis, Sharmila Tagore, Waheeda Rehman, Sridevi, Smita Patil, Rekha, Hema Malini inn sabhi actresses ko dekhne ke liye fans utavale hua karte the. Sridevi ne toh recently comeback kiya aur ek hit film.
The 80s also saw quite a few memorable films such as Sai Paranjpye's Chashme Baddoor and Sparsh; Aparna Sen's 36 Chowringhee Lane, Meera Nair's Salaam Bombay and the Rekha starrer Umrao Jaan.
Phir 90s mein Dolby digital sound effects sunayi diye, aur kayi badi companies bhi set up hui joki aaj bhi sirf filmein banati hai. Actors like Shah Rukh Khan, Aamir Khan, Salman Khan, aur Saif Ali Khan jinko ab Khan brigade bulaya jata hai came into the limelight. Saath hi Madhuri Dixit, Chiranjeevi, Juhi Chawla, Hrithik Roshan in sabhi actors ne kayi hit films diye.
Today we have directors such as Vishal Bharadwaj, Anurag Kashyap, Rajkumar Hirani, Sanjay Leela Bhansali, Aditya Chopra and others who have given the Indian audience some amazing films. Indian cinema has evolved over the years and made a mark of its own. Aaj ye kehna mushkil hoga ki filmein society ko influence karti hai, ya society filmon ko influence karti hai. But then that is another story altogether. Woh kahani kabhi aur sahi. Tab tak ijazat dein
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